Low-voltage electrical insulation cleaning agents effectively remove oil and impurities from the surface of insulating components through multiple mechanisms, including physical dissolution, chemical emulsification, and penetration stripping, while ensuring that the cleaning process does not damage the equipment's insulation performance. Its core principle is based on the molecular properties of the solvent and the synergistic effect of surfactants, enabling efficient and safe cleaning of various types of oil contaminants.
Solvent-based low-voltage electrical insulation cleaning agents use petroleum hydrocarbons, alcohol ethers, or fluorocarbon solvents as core components, utilizing the principle of "like dissolves like" to directly dissolve oily contaminants such as mineral oil and lubricating oil. The molecular structure of these solvents is similar to that of oil contaminants, allowing them to be peeled from the surface of insulating components through intermolecular forces and dispersed into a uniform solution. The volatility of the solvent ensures no residue after cleaning, avoiding the risk of decreased insulation performance or localized conductivity due to liquid residue. Furthermore, the solvent itself must possess high insulation properties; its volume resistivity typically needs to meet specific standards to ensure that short circuits or arcing do not occur during live cleaning.
Water-based low-voltage electrical insulation cleaning agents use deionized water as a base and achieve their cleaning function through a compound of surfactants, builders, and corrosion inhibitors. The amphiphilic structure of the surfactants allows them to simultaneously adsorb oil and water molecules: the oleophilic end binds to the oil, while the hydrophilic end fuses with the water, thus encapsulating the oil into tiny micelles and dispersing them in the water. This process, through emulsification, penetration, and dispersion, effectively reduces the adhesion between oil and the surface of insulating components, achieving oil removal and suspension. The builders enhance the penetrating power of the cleaning agent, allowing it to reach deep into the tiny pores and gaps between components to remove hidden oil. The corrosion inhibitors form a protective film on the metal surface, preventing the water-based components from corroding the metal contacts and ensuring the long-term reliability of the equipment.
The penetrating power of low-voltage electrical insulation cleaning agents is one of the key factors in their cleaning effectiveness. Oil and the surface of insulating components are often tightly bound by van der Waals forces, hydrogen bonds, or covalent bonds, making them difficult to remove completely using traditional cleaning methods. The combination of polar and non-polar solvents in insulating cleaning agents can reduce surface tension, penetrate to the interface between oil and component surfaces, and disrupt their adhesion. For example, fluorocarbon solvents, due to their low surface tension, can penetrate micron-level crevices to peel oil from the root; surfactants, by reducing the surface tension of the aqueous phase, allow water-based cleaning agents to wet and encapsulate oil particles, achieving thorough cleaning.
Residue control after cleaning is crucial for insulation performance. Solvent-based cleaning agents, through their rapid evaporation, ensure no liquid residue remains on the surface of insulating components after cleaning, avoiding a decrease in insulation resistance due to moisture or solvent components. Water-based cleaning agents require thorough drying to remove residues; their corrosion inhibitor components form a dense protective film during the drying process, preventing metal corrosion without affecting insulation performance. Some high-end cleaning agents also add antistatic agents to neutralize static electricity generated during cleaning, preventing secondary pollution caused by static dust adsorption, further ensuring the long-term cleanliness of insulating components.
The safety design of low-voltage electrical insulation cleaning agents is reflected in multiple dimensions. First, its insulation performance must meet specific withstand voltage standards to ensure that no arcing or short circuits occur during live cleaning. Second, the cleaning agent's composition must be compatible with the insulating component materials to avoid corrosion or swelling of plastic, rubber, or metal parts. Furthermore, the cleaning agent must have low toxicity and low volatile organic compound (VOC) content to ensure operator health and environmental safety. For example, some products add stabilizers to prevent the cleaning agent from decomposing and producing harmful substances during storage or use, extending product shelf life and improving reliability.
In practical applications, the operation method of low-voltage electrical insulation cleaning agent needs to be flexibly adjusted according to the equipment type and degree of contamination. For small electromechanical equipment or parts, the immersion method can be used, completely immersing the parts in the cleaning agent to achieve thorough cleaning through solvent penetration and dissolution. For large equipment or precision components, the spraying method is more suitable, using a high-pressure spray gun to atomize the cleaning agent and spray it evenly onto the equipment surface, combined with wiping with a lint-free cloth to remove stubborn dirt. For complex structures that are difficult to disassemble, wiping or brushing methods can be applied locally to ensure thorough cleaning. Regardless of the method used, the principles of "power off before cleaning" or "live cleaning safety regulations" must be followed to avoid safety accidents caused by improper operation.
Low voltage electrical insulation cleaning agent achieves efficient and safe removal of oil and impurities from insulating components through multiple mechanisms, including physical dissolution, chemical emulsification, penetration stripping, and residue control. Its design balances cleaning power with insulation performance, adapting to equipment maintenance needs in various scenarios and providing crucial support for the stable operation of power systems.
