Low-voltage electrical insulation cleaning agents play a crucial role in the maintenance of electrical equipment, effectively removing dirt, oil stains, and conductive impurities from equipment surfaces, ensuring stable insulation performance. However, improper disposal after disposal can cause serious environmental pollution, necessitating scientifically sound treatment measures.
Discarded low-voltage electrical insulation cleaning agents may contain volatile organic compounds (VOCs), surfactants, and solvents. If these substances are released directly without treatment, they will enter the atmosphere, soil, and water bodies through volatilization and permeation, causing a series of environmental problems. For example, VOCs may participate in photochemical reactions, forming secondary pollutants such as ozone, exacerbating air pollution; some solvents are biotoxic, potentially harming aquatic organisms and soil microorganisms, disrupting the ecological balance.
The primary principle for handling discarded low-voltage electrical insulation cleaning agents is separate collection. Cleaning agents with different components must be stored separately to avoid chemical reactions that could produce more difficult-to-treat substances or increase toxicity. For example, mixing halogen-containing solvents with nitrogen-containing solvents may generate toxic gases, therefore strict separation is essential. Dedicated containers should be used during collection, ensuring good sealing to prevent leakage. The container material must be compatible with the cleaning agent to avoid corrosion and leakage risks.
For recyclable waste cleaning agents, regeneration processing using specialized equipment is required. Distillation is a common recovery method; by heating to evaporate the solvent, followed by condensation and collection, the solvent can be purified and reused. Adsorption methods utilize adsorbents such as activated carbon to remove impurities from the cleaning agent and are suitable for treating low-concentration waste. Regenerated cleaning agents must be tested for performance indicators to ensure they meet usage standards before being reused in production, reducing costs and resource waste.
If waste cleaning agents cannot be recycled, they must undergo harmless treatment. Chemical neutralization is suitable for cleaning agents containing acidic or alkaline components; adding a neutralizing agent adjusts the pH value, reducing corrosiveness. Oxidative decomposition uses strong oxidants to decompose organic matter into carbon dioxide and water, suitable for waste containing organic solvents. Strict control of reaction conditions, such as temperature, pressure, and reaction time, is necessary during treatment to ensure stable and reliable results. The treated waste liquid requires further testing to confirm compliance with emission standards before discharge.
Some discarded low-voltage electrical insulation cleaning agent may be classified as hazardous waste and must be disposed of by qualified professional organizations. Hazardous waste disposal organizations possess comprehensive treatment facilities and technologies, and can select appropriate treatment methods based on the characteristics of the waste, such as incineration, landfill, or solidification. A contract must be signed when outsourcing disposal, clearly defining the responsibilities of both parties to ensure the safe disposal of waste. Simultaneously, information such as the amount of waste generated and the treatment method must be reported to the environmental protection department for supervision.
During the disposal of discarded low-voltage electrical insulation cleaning agent, safety precautions are paramount. Operators must wear protective gloves, goggles, respirators, and other personal protective equipment to avoid direct contact with waste or inhalation of harmful gases. The disposal site should be well-ventilated and equipped with safety facilities such as eyewash stations and emergency showers to cope with emergencies. Furthermore, emergency plans must be developed and drills conducted regularly to improve the ability to respond to environmental pollution incidents.
In the long run, reducing the generation of discarded low-voltage electrical insulation cleaning agent is the fundamental way to avoid environmental pollution. Enterprises can reduce waste generation by optimizing cleaning processes, improving cleaning efficiency, and extending the lifespan of cleaning agents. For example, employing efficient cleaning technologies such as ultrasonic cleaning and spray cleaning reduces the amount of cleaning agent used; regular maintenance of cleaning equipment ensures its proper operation and avoids waste of cleaning agents due to equipment failure. Simultaneously, developing environmentally friendly low-voltage electrical insulation cleaning agents to reduce environmental risks is also an important direction for future development.
